Advection equation boundary conditions in 2D unstructured grid

Currently struggling with boundary conditions for 2d advection equation.

left dirichlet u = (1,0)
bot top dirichlet u = (0,0)
right neumann du/dx = (0,0)

topf botf leftf rightf - arrays that contain indicies of boundary faces
nbfaces - # of boundary faces
uface - array of vectors containing u and v at faces (inner ones are interpolated)
ucell - array of vectors containing u and v at cells
unode - array of vectors containing u and v at nodes
nnodes - nu of nodes
link_... - array for link data

% interpolate inner nodes
unode = zeros(nnodes,2);
for iv = 1:nnodes
unode(iv,:) = 0;
for ic = 1:sum(wv(iv,:)~=0) % over nonzero wv elements
if bnode(iv) == 0 % for interior nodes
unode(iv,:) = unode(iv,:) + ucell(link_node_to_cell(iv,ic),:) * wv(iv,ic);
end
end
end
% hardwire left boundary nodes
for ifc = 1:nbfaces
if ismember(ifc,leftf)
end
end

% interpolation over inner faces
for ifc = 1:nfaces
if c2 ~= 0
uface(ifc,:) = wf(ifc) * ucell(c1,:) + (1-wf(ifc)) * ucell(c2,:);
end
end


managed to to the most silly thing - nullify the cells that have bottom boundary faces

% hardwire boundary faces
for ifc = 1:nbfaces
if ismember(ifc,botf)
uface(ifc,1) = 0;
ucell(ic,:) = 0;
elseif ismember(ifc,topf)
uface(ifc,1) = 0;
elseif ismember(ifc,leftf)
uface(ifc,1) = 1;
elseif ismember(ifc,rightf)
uface(ifc,1) = ucell(ic,1);
end
end

for ic = 1:ncells
for ifc = 1:3
fsign = snsign(ic,ifc);
udotn = uface(fv,:) *( sn(fv,:) * fsign)';
gf = udotn * areaf(fv); % mass according for upwind scheme
end
end

% solve the cell
diffu = zeros(ncells,2);
dt = 1e-4;
for ic = 1:ncells
ucellnext(ic,:) = dt * (diffu(ic,:) -   advect(ic,:)) / vol(ic) + ucell(ic,:);
end
ucell = ucellnext


Receiving weird results, that:
First of all diverge.
And my method of addressing the bottom boundary looks like crutches.

When trying the code without nullifying the boundary cells received diverging results at the bottom boundary.

Only boundary cells behaved strangely.

Could one recommend the literature how to address the boundaries? Or point out the reason for the issue.
Self search lead to articles with pure theoretical descriptions.

Can paste the whole code with input file if necessary. (~600 lines)

Strange results with boundary cells being nullified, the result might have converged, however the velocities at the left were set to 1 (after searching for cells with values over 1.0, a plenty of them seem to be the cells near the boundary cells at the bottom):

Update:
PDE problem statement.
$$\frac{\partial }{\partial t}(u)+\nabla\cdot(uu)=0$$ boundaries: $$u(left,t) = 1$$ $$\frac{\partial u}{\partial x}(right,t) = 0$$ $$u(top,t) = 0$$ $$u(bot,t) = 0$$ Discretisation derivation, integrate over volume:

$$\int_{V_O} \frac{\partial }{\partial t}(u)dV + \int_{V_O}\nabla\cdot(uu)dV=0$$
applying Gauss divergence theorem to the advection term:

$$\int_{V_O} \frac{\partial }{\partial t}(u)dV + \int_{S}(uu)\cdot\hat{n}dA=0$$

using upwind difference scheme: $$G_f=(u\cdot\hat{n}A)_f$$ $$\frac{u^{n+1}-u^{n}}{\Delta t}V_O+\sum_{f=1}^{N_f,O}\biggl( max(G_f,0)u_O + min(G_f,0)u_{N(f)} \biggl)=0$$

Expressing

$$u^{n+1}=u^n-\frac{\Delta t}{V_O}\sum_{f=1}^{N_f,O}\biggl( max(G_f,0)u_O + min(G_f,0)u_{N(f)} \biggl)$$

boundaries separated in 4 different groups:
left faces $$u_{f,L} = 1$$
right faces $$u_{f,R} = u_{cell,R}$$
top faces $$u_{f,T} = 0$$
bot faces $$u_{f,B} = 0$$

Nodes take the values of faces that they belong to.

Inner face and nodes are interpolated from cells values based on inverse distance.

Problem arises at the bottom boundary faces and cells.

• Can you describe your problem mathematically? Add the PDE and describe the numerical scheme? – nicoguaro Mar 26 at 23:53
• @nicoguaro just did, thank you – 2Napasa Mar 28 at 12:51