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The netlib BLAS implementation is an excellent reference, being mostly un-optimized and well documented (e.g. zgemm). However, it is in Fortran 77, making it somewhat inaccessible to those with a more modern programming education. Is there a reference-level implementation of BLAS, like netlib, in C/C++?

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Have you looked at GNU Scientific Library's implementation? I find the source code to be sufficiently readable and the routines are well documented.

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  • $\begingroup$ Looks good to me. The documentation is a bit lacking, but the variable names are chosen well enough that I think its clear. I'll probably prepend the opening comment of the netlib BLAS routines. What exactly do you take issue with? Do you have an alternative? $\endgroup$
    – Max Hutchinson
    Oct 28 '13 at 10:21
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A notable, C language implementation of BLAS is ATLAS. Among useful features:

  1. Algebra routines implemented both as straightforward C as well as highly-optimized assembler assisted versions for multiple architectures and variants.
  2. The build system features an "auto-tuner" which compiles multiple variants of the ATLAS library to establish which one will be the fastest on the given machine.

http://math-atlas.sourceforge.net/

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  • $\begingroup$ I looked at ATLAS but missed this. The path to the reference implementation is "src/blas/reference", with "ref" inserted between the type character and routine name and with character arguments appended. $\endgroup$
    – Max Hutchinson
    Oct 28 '13 at 3:04
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Netlib also produces CLAPACK, which includes BLAS, but it is just the fortran code run through f2c and is therefore a bit clunky (e.g. zgemm).

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For a high-performance implementation that is not only among the highest performing (better than 85% of peak on 60 cores of the Intel Xeon Phi), but is also imho the most beautifully written, have a look at BLIS:

https://github.com/flame/blis

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  • $\begingroup$ This does not seem like it claims to be a reference-level implementation $\endgroup$
    – mabraham
    Apr 17 '14 at 20:54
  • $\begingroup$ We like to thin of it as a high-performance reference implementation. $\endgroup$
    – Robert van de Geijn
    Apr 1 '18 at 13:55
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I have implementations of some bits of BLAS/LAPACK in RNP and RNP2.

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  • $\begingroup$ This is interesting, but it is definitely post-BLAS and less straight forward than GSL and the reference implementation in ATLAS. $\endgroup$
    – Max Hutchinson
    Oct 28 '13 at 3:13
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We are currently working on a Massive Open Online Course, "LAFF-On High-Performance Computing" that uses dgemm as the example that leads one through different levels of parallelization: instruction level, OpenMP, MPI.

This is not a reference implementation for the BLAS, but it is a reference for how to code the BLAS (for performance). To be kept informed, visit www.ulaff.net

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